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The phonological system of the modern Belarusian language consists of at least 44 phonemes: 5 vowels and 39 consonants. Consonants may also be geminated. There is not absolute agreement on the number of phonemes, so that rarer or contextually variant sounds are included by some scholars. Many consonants may form pairs that differ only in palatalization (called ''hard'' vs ''soft'' consonants, the latter being represented in the IPA with the symbol ). In some of such pairs, the place of articulation is additionally changed (see distinctive features below). There are also unpaired consonants that have no corollary in palatalization. == Distinctive features == As an East Slavic language, Belarusian phonology is very similar to Russian phonology, and also rather similar to Ukrainian phonology. The primary differences are: * Akannye ((ベラルーシ語:аканне)) – the merger of unstressed into . Unlike in standard Russian (akanye), the pronunciation of the merged vowel is a clear open front unrounded vowel , including after soft consonants and . (Ukrainian does not have this merger at all.) * Lack of ikanye. Unlike in Russian (but as in Ukrainian), there is no merger of unstressed and , and no merger of unstressed with after soft consonants. * Unlike in Russian, there is no emphasized separation after the in the pronunciation of the iotified , , and . * Tsyekannye ((ベラルーシ語:цеканне)) and dzyekannye ((ベラルーシ語:дзеканне)) – the pronunciation of Old East Slavic as soft affricates . (Note that many Russian speakers similarly affricate phonemic , but this is not universal and not written.) * Relatively stronger palatalization of and .〔"Stronger than in Russian, weaker than in Polish", per ''Беларуская мова...''〕 * Postalveolar consonants are all ''hard'' (laminal retroflex) while Russian and Ukrainian have both hard and soft postalveolars. * has hardened and merged with . * Unlike in standard Russian, phonemic and merge as syllable-finally. This is reflected in the spelling, which uses a special symbol known as "non-syllabic ''u''" ((ベラルーシ語:''у'' нескладовae)), written as an ‹u› with a breve diacritic on top of it: ‹ў›,? ‹ŭ›.? Note also that, unlike in Russian, Belarusian spelling closely represents surface phonology rather than the underlying morphophonology. For example, akannye, tsyekannye, dzyekannye and the allophone of and are all written. The representation of akannye in particular introduces striking differences between Russian and Belarusian orthography. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Belarusian phonology」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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